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GRE阅读题目解析:人发育有两个高峰期

2017-07-27 09:13:00来源：网络

　　P2

　　1

　　Most mammals reach sexual maturity when their growth rates are in decline, whereas humans experience a growth spurt during adolescence.

　　多数哺乳动物在成长速度下降时达到性成熟，但人类在青春期(还)会经历一个生长发育高峰。

　　(有涉及背景知识的嫌疑。

　　whereas 此处做 while on the contrary 理解

　　人的发育有两个高峰期，婴儿期和青春期，按照前半句理解，多数哺乳动物是生下来就快速生长直到性成熟，人类的情况不同，小时候长得快，进入儿童期发育放缓，青春期第二次高速发育，直到性成熟。后文提到的黑猩猩，也被怀疑有第二个高速发育期。

　　whereas 引导的是一种对比，前者只有一个高速发育期，后者有两个。

　　spurt 喷射，突然且快速的爆发，突然加速、冲刺)

　　2

　　Whether apes experience an adolescent growth spurt is still undecided.

　　类人猿是否在青春期经历高速发育时期尚不确定。

　　3

　　In the 1950s, data on captive chimpanzees collected by James Gavan appeared devoid of evidence of an adolescent growth spurt in these apes.

　　1950 年代，J G 收集的圈养大猩猩的数据，似乎没有证据支持青春期高速发育说。

　　4

　　In a recent reanalysis of Gavan’s data, however, zoologist Elizabeth Watts has found that as chimpanzees reach sexual maturity, the growth rate of their limbs accelerates.

　　然而，动物学家 E W，在最近一项关于 G 数据的分析中已经发现，随着大猩猩达到性成熟，它们四肢的发育速度加快。

　　5

　　Most biologists, however, are skeptical that this is a humanlike adolescent growth spurt.

　　可是，多数生物学家怀疑，这不同于人类的青春期高速发育。

　　6

　　While the human adolescent growth spurt is physically obvious and affects virtually the entire body, the chimpanzee’s increased growth rate is detectable only through sophisticated mathematical analysis.

　　人类的青春期高速发育，身体表征明显，且实际上影响全身，大猩猩的发育增速只能通过非常复杂的数据分析探知。

　　7

　　Moreover, according to scientist Holly Smith, the growth rate increase in chimpanzees begins when 86% of full skeletal growth has been attained, whereas human adolescence generally commences when 77 percent of full skeletal growth has occurred.

　　而且，根据科学家 H S 的观点，大猩猩发育速度加快，始于骨骼整体发育进度 86%，而人类的青春期通常始于骨骼整体发育进度 77% 。

　　1. Which of the following best describes the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Researchers have long disagreed about whether data collected in the 1950s indicate that chimpanzees and other apes experience an adolescent growth spurt.

　　B. Research data collected on chimpanzees living in captivity are inconclusive with respect to chimpanzees living in the wild.

　　C. The notion that apes do not experience an adolescent growth spurt has been confirmed by research conducted since.

　　D. Although the idea that apes experience an adolescent growth has received some support, most biologists remain unconvinced.

　　E. Although researchers agree that chimpanzees do not experience an adolescent growth spurt, they are divided in their opinions of whether this is true of other apes.

　　选 D

　　尽管类人猿经历青春期发育的理论有了一些支持，多数生物学家仍然没有被说服。

　　2. The passage mentions which of the following as one of the reasons why most biologists remain skeptical that chimpanzees experience a humanlike adolescent growth spurt?

　　A. Chimpanzees do not experience a demonstrable increase in growth rate until they are fully sexually mature.

　　B. The increase in growth rate that chimpanzees undergo at sexual maturity is less apparent than that of humans.

　　C. The increase in growth rate once regarded as a humanlike adolescent growth spurt in chimpanzees is too sporadic to be regarded as significant.

　　D. Not all chimpanzees undergo a calculable growth spurt.

　　E. Watt’s approach to analyzing data is considered to be highly unorthodox.

　　选 B

　　根据在句 6：

　　While the human adolescent growth spurt is physically obvious and affects virtually the entire body, the chimpanzee’s increased growth rate is detectable only through sophisticated mathematical analysis.

　　人类的青春期发育，从肉体上就可以明显分辨，且影响全身，而大猩猩的这种发育加速只能通过复杂的数学分析确认，所以 less apparent，不如人类明显。

　　3. The passage suggests which of the following about the adolescent growth spurt that takes place in humans?

　　A. Its primary effects are found in parts of the body other than the limbs.

　　B. It is generally completed by the time 77 percent of full skeletal growth is attained.

　　C. It is normally detectable without the assistance of sophisticated mathematical analysis.

　　D. The rate of growth is much faster at the beginning of puberty than at any other time.

　　E. The estimated growth rate varies depending on the methods of measurement that are used.

　　选 C

　　A 错。是影响全身的。

　　B 错。是从 77% 开始的。

　　C 正确。证据同上题。

　　D 未知信息。puberty 青春期，大约跟 adolescence 同义。

　　E 乱聊选项。

　　以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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