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GRE阅读题目解析:考古学与古代文学研究

2017-06-05 08:54:00来源：网络

　　P4

　　1

　　Modern archaeological finds can still contribute much to the study of ancient literature.

　　现代的考古学发现仍然能够对古代文学的研究有相当助益。

　　2

　　For example, forty years ago a survey of the early Greek dramatist Aeschylus' plays would have started with The Suppliant Women.

　　比方说四十年前一项关于希腊早期剧作家 A 的剧目的研究，大概从 TSW 开始。

　　3

　　Many factors internal to the play, but perhaps most especially the prominence of the chorus, led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus' earlier works.

　　该剧含有很多因素，但也许最特别的是其杰出的唱段，使学者把这部剧看作 A 早期的作品。

　　4

　　The consensus was that here was a drama truly reflecting an early stage in the evolution of tragedy out of choral lyric.

　　关于此剧的一个共识，是它真实地反映了悲剧从唱诗形式中独立出来的，革命的早期阶段。

　　5

　　The play was dated as early as the 490's B.C., in any event, well before Aeschylus' play The Persians of 472 B.C.

　　这部剧被鉴定写于公元前 490 年代，总之，肯定早于 A 公元前 472 年的剧作 TP 。

　　6

　　Then, in 1952, a fragment of papyrus found at Oxyrhynchus was published.

　　随后，1952 年 O 遗址发现的一片纸莎草记录片段被公之于世。

　　(俄克喜林库斯 [Oxyrhynchus]

　　埃及考古遗址，位于尼罗河西岸。19世纪末期和20世纪初期发现大量约属公元前250～公元700年的纸莎草古文书，这些古文书主要用希腊文和拉丁文书写。其内容包括宗教经文和希腊古典文学名作。在纸莎草古文书中还有曾经认为失传的品达罗斯和卡利马科斯的作品。现为拜赫奈萨村所在地。

　　(大英袖珍百科))

　　7

　　The fragment announced that Aeschylus won first prize with his Danaid tetralogy, of which The Suppliant Women is the opening play, and defeated Sophocles in the process.

　　该记录称，A 以他的 Danaid 四部曲击败 S 摘得桂冠，而 TSW 就是开场剧目。

　　8

　　Sophocles did not compete in any dramatic contest before 468 B.C., when he won his first victory.

　　而 S 直到公元前 468 年才第一次参与并戏剧比赛，且赢得了比赛。

　　9

　　Hence, the Danaid tetralogy must be put after 468 B.C. (169 words)

　　所以 Danaid 四部曲肯定晚于公元前 468 年。

　　6. According to the passage, in the absence of definite knowledge concerning the dates of composition of ancient literary works, literary historians do which of the following when trying to establish the chronology of an author's work?

　　(A) Make assumptions about a single work's date of composition if such assumptions would not seriously affect interpretations of other works by the same author.

　　(B) Draw inferences concerning the date of a work's composition based on evidence internal to that work and on the author's other works.

　　(C) Ignore the date of a work's composition which is supplied by archaeological research when literary factors internal to the work contradict that date.

　　(D) Refrain from speculation concerning a work's date of composition unless archaeological finds produce information concerning it.

　　(E) Estimate the date of a work's composition without attempting to relate it to the author's development as an artist.

　　选 B

　　关于 evidence internal to that work 可以回溯至句 3：

　　Many factors internal to the play, but perhaps most especially the prominence of the chorus, led scholars to consider it one of Aeschylus' earlier works.

　　而 the author's other works 则根据句 5：

　　The play was dated as early as the 490's B.C., in any event, well before Aeschylus' play The Persians of 472 B.C.

　　这些是学者们早期的研究方法和结论，后来考古学的发现印证了学者最初的这些推断，而且把具体时间限定得更精准。

　　以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:考古学与古代文学研究，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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