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GRE阅读题目解析:社会科学领域成就

2017-05-04 16:11:00来源:新东方在线整理

  P4

  1

  The social sciences are less likely than other intellectual enterprises to get credit for their accomplishments.

  社会科学取得的成绩与其他学术事业相比,更不易获得大众认可。

  2

  Arguably, this is so because the theories and conceptual constructs of the social sciences are especially accessible: human intelligence apprehends truths about human affairs with particular facility.

  按理说,这是因为社会科学的理论与概念结构格外地唾手可得:人类总是更容易理解与人类有关的事物的道理。

  3

  This underappreciation of the social sciences contrasts oddly with what many see as their overutilization.

  与这种低估形成古怪对比的,是社会科学往往被过度应用。

  4

  Game theory is pressed into service in studies of shifting international alliances.

  博弈论被过度用于研究各国之间同盟关系的转换。

  5

  Evaluation research is called upon to demonstrate successes or failures of social programs.

  评估研究被用来论证社会项目的得失。

  6

  Yet this rush into practical applications is itself quite understandable: public policy must continually be made, and policymakers rightly feel that even tentative findings and untested theories are better guides to decision-making than no findings and no theories at all. (123 words)

  然而这种把理论付诸实践的操之过急本身很好理解:政策总得制订,决策人理所当然地认为,即便是不确定的发现和未经检验的理论,也比没发现或没理论来的好。

  9. The author confronts the claim that the social sciences are being overutilized with

  (A) proof that overextensions of social science results are self-correcting

  (B) evidence that some public policy is made without any recourse to social science findings or theories

  (C) a long list of social science applications that are perfectly appropriate and extremely fruitful

  (D) the argument that overutilization is by and large the exception rather than the rule

  (E) the observation that this practice represents the lesser of two evils under existing circumstances

  选 E

  问我们,作者是怎么看待 —— 社会科学的成果被过度应用在公共生活决策方面 —— 这件事的:

  A 证明社会科学的过度扩展应用是可以自我矫正的。

  B 提出证据证明,某些公共政策的制定缺乏社会科学发现或理论作为基础。

  C 举了很多例子来说明,社会科学成果的应用是多么恰当,硕果累累。

  D 辩白说这种过度应用大体上是个别现象,不普遍。by and large 总地说来,一般说来,generally,for the most part。

  E 评论道,这种过度应用是现有条件下的 “ 两害相较取其轻 ” 。

  根据最后一句中的:

  …even tentative findings and untested theories are better guides to decision-making than no findings and no theories at all.

  于是选出 E,承认过度应用,但也没办法,有总比没有好。

  以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:社会科学领域成就,更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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