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GRE阅读题目解析:月亮的成因

2017-05-04 16:11:00来源：新东方在线整理

　　P1

　　1

　　Theorists are divided concerning the origin of the Moon.

　　月亮怎么来的?有分歧。

　　2

　　Some hypothesize that the Moon was formed in the same way as were the planets in the inner solar system (Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth)—from planet-forming materials in the presolar nebula.

　　有人提出一种假设认为，月亮形成的方式类似于内太阳系行星(水星，金星，火星以及地球)—— 来自于构成行星的太阳系形成前的星云物质。

　　3

　　But, unlike the cores of the inner planets, the Moon‘s core contains little or no iron, while the typical planet-forming materials were quite rich in iron.

　　可是，与这些内太阳系行星不同，月球的核心仅有少量或不包含铁元素，而典型的构成行星的物质富含铁。

　　4

　　Other theorists propose that the Moon was ripped out of the Earth‘s rocky mantle by the Earth‘s collision with another large celestial body after much of the Earth‘s iron fell to its core.

　　另有理论家提出，月球其实是由某大型天体撞击地球后撕裂抛出的部分地幔形成，而地球的铁元素在撞击前就沉降至地核。

　　5

　　One problem with the collision hypothesis is the question of how a satellite formed in this way could have settled into the nearly circular orbit that the Moon has today.

　　撞击假说的一个问题是，一颗如此形成的卫星如何稳定在如现在观测到的，近似圆形的轨道内。

　　6

　　Fortunately, the collision hypothesis is testable. If it is true, the mantle rocks of the Moon and the Earth should be the same geochemically. (155 words)

　　好在撞击假说可以测试。如果假说成立，月球表面的岩石理应与地表岩石拥有类似的地质化学特性。

　　For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

　　1. According to the passage, Mars and the Earth are similar in which of the following ways?

　　A Their satellites were formed by collisions with other celestial bodies.

　　B Their cores contain iron.

　　C They were formed from the presolar nebula.

　　选 BC

　　A 他们的卫星都是外来天体撞击形成的。

　　According to the passage，无法判断，不选。

　　B 根据句 3。

　　C 根据句 2。

　　2. The author implies that a nearly circular orbit is unlikely for a satellite that

　　(A) circles one of the inner planets

　　(B) is deficient in iron

　　(C) is different from its planet geochemically

　　(D) was formed by a collision between two celestial bodies

　　(E) was formed out of the planet-forming materials in the presolar nebula

　　选 D

　　根据句 5：

　　One problem with the collision hypothesis is the question of how a satellite formed in this way could have settled into the nearly circular orbit that the Moon has today.

　　3. Which of the following, if true, would be most likely to make it difficult to verify the collision hypothesis in the manner suggested by the author?

　　(A) The Moon‘s core and mantle rock are almost inactive geologically.

　　(B) The mantle rock of the Earth has changed in composition since the formation of the Moon, while the mantle rock of the Moon has remained chemically inert.

　　(C) Much of the Earth‘s iron fell to the Earth‘s core long before the formation of the Moon, after which the Earth‘s mantle rock remained unchanged.

　　(D) Certain of the Earth‘s elements, such as platinum, gold, and iridium, followed iron to the Earth‘s core.

　　(E) The mantle rock of the Moon contains elements such as platinum, gold, and iridium.

　　选 B

　　让我们选哪一项能够让撞击假说的证实变得更难，注意是变得 difficult，而不是彻底推翻。

　　A 月球的核心与地表岩石的地质化学性质几乎是稳定的，不反应的。跟撞击假说无关。

　　B 月球形成后，地表岩石的成分已经变了，而月表岩石的化学成分没变。

　　正确项。

　　撞击假说认为月亮是地球的一部分，如果成分近似，则可以认为是这种假说的一个证据，如果地球变了，月球没变，就不能直接证明假说，但也不是完全推翻了假说，如果有新方法能够还原地球岩石在月球形成之初的状态，并证明两者近似，也能支撑假说。

　　这就是所谓变得 difficult 。

　　C 地球的大部分铁元素在月球形成以前很久就沉降至地核了，此后地表演时没变。不能给撞击假说构成困难。

　　D 铂，金，铱等元素跟随铁元素一起沉降。无关项。

　　E 月球表面发现了铂，金，铱等元素。无关项。发现了相同的元素不代表两者地质化学性质近似，也许有其他元素的差异。

　　以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:月亮怎么来的，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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