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GRE阅读题目解析:厄尔尼诺现象

2016-12-29 14:25:00来源:网络

  P2

  1

  It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: (1) unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, and (2) winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east.

  我们以前就知道,厄尔尼诺现象会伴随两种状态:(1)反常的暖流在东太平洋扩散,主要集中在厄瓜多尔和秘鲁沿岸,以及(2)温暖水域使其上方空气变暖上升造成了东部地区的西风盛行。

  (

  厄尔尼诺其实在美语中读作 “艾欧尼纽” 【el-'nē-nyō】(WMC)or【el neen"yoh】(RHWU),跟同学聊天的时候别露怯咯

  厄尔尼诺 [El Nino]

  在海洋学和气候学中,指南美洲西海岸海温异常升高的现象,它每隔数年发生一次。这种现象对渔业、农业和局部气候都有不利的影响,其范围从厄瓜多尔到智利,并在赤道太平洋、亚洲和北美洲引起远场气候异常。厄尔尼诺这一名称(西班牙语意为“圣婴”)原是19世纪秘鲁北部渔民使用的,当时是指每年圣诞节前后出现向南流动的赤道暖流。秘鲁科学家后来注意到在正常干旱的沿海地区每隔数年就会发生持续一年或一年以上的重大变化,与雨量大增有关。到20世纪,几次更为反常的厄尔尼诺现象引起世界的关注,原来名称中每年的含意也被异常出现的含意所取代。参阅拉尼娜现象(La Nina)。

  (大英袖珍百科)

  )

  2

  These winds tend to create a feedback mechanism by driving the warmer surface water into a "pile" that blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further warms the eastern water, thus strengthening the wind still more.

  西风把温暖的海水聚集起来,阻碍了东部海域深处冷水的正常上泛,进而维持了东部水域表面的温度,也因此更加强了西风,成为一种反馈机制。

  3

  The contribution of the recent model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the cast, simultaneously send a signal to the west lowering sea level.

  最新的研究模型显示,厄尔尼诺的西风提升了海平面,同时发出信号降低西方的海平面。

  (cast 此处是 model 的同义词)

  4

  According to the model, that signal is generated as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of depressed, or negative, sea level, that moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day. (158 words)

  根据这个模型,信号产生一列负的 R 波,一种压低海平面或使之呈负的波,平行于赤道向西,每天推进 25 至 85 千米。

  2. According to the passage, which of the following features is characteristic of an El Nino?

  (A) Cold coastal water near Peru

  (B) Winds blowing from the west

  (C) Random occurrence

  (D) Worldwide effects

  (E) Short duration

  选 B

  A 如果是 cold 的,那就正常了,说明当年没发生厄尔尼诺现象。

  B 西风。正确项。

  C 只能说这是个 random guess 。

  D 影响全世界。厄尔尼诺确实可能影响全球气候,因为大气圈是互相影响的,但不能选,因为 according to the passage,我不应该知道这些。

  E 是一种短期现象。这个无论如何不能选,不管文章说没说,short 是个模糊的说法,比金字塔还是雷政富呢。

  For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

  3. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following would result fairly immediately from the cessation of the winds of an El Nino?

  (A) Negative Rossby waves would cease to be generated in the eastern Pacific.

  (B) The sea level in the eastern Pacific would fall.

  (C) The surface water in the eastern Pacific would again be cooled by being mixed with deep water.

  选 ABC

  cessation 中断,终止

  问我们厄尔尼诺现象结束,最可能发生什么。厄尔尼诺发生期间的那些反常的事,再反过来,就是答案。都在最后两句不赘述。

  以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:厄尔尼诺现象,更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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