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GRE阅读题目解析:初始地球条件

2016-12-26 12:46:00来源:网络

  P1

  1

  Since 1953, many experimental attempts to synthesize the chemical constituents of life under "primitive Earth conditions" have demonstrated that a variety of the complex molecules currently making up living organisms could have been present in the early ocean and atmosphere, with only one limitation: such molecules are synthesized far less readily when oxygen-containing compounds dominate the atmosphere.

  1953 年开始,很多人尝试在 “初始地球条件” 下通过实验合成生命体的化学成分,结果都表明,各种现在组构生物必须的复杂分子,要在早期海洋与大气环境下合成,有一个限制:这些分子在含氧化合物为主的大气中难以合成。

  (用比较简略的方式标了一下句子主干,如果你还是读不通这种长句,留言告诉我,咱们还用老办法切碎它。)

  2

  Therefore some scientists postulate that the Earth's earliest atmosphere, unlike that of today, was dominated by hydrogen, methane, and ammonia.

  于是一些科学家假设,地球早期大气成分不同于现在,主要由氢,甲烷,以及氨组成。

  3

  From these studies, scientists have concluded that the surface of the primitive Earth was covered with oceans containing the molecules fundamental to life.

  科学家们通过这些研究得出结论,初始状态下的地球表面,被富含基础生命分子的海洋包覆。

  4

  Although, at present, scientists cannot explain how these relatively small molecules combined to produce larger, more complex molecules, some scientists have precipitously ventured hypotheses that attempt to explain the development, from larger molecules, of the earliest self-duplicating organisms.(138 words)

  尽管目前科学家们还不能解释这些较小的分子,怎么化和成更大、更复杂的分子,但其中有些人已经迫不及待地提出假设,试图从更大分子的层面,解释最早的能够自我复制的有机体的演化过程了。

  (precipitous 险峻的,多悬崖的,急促的、突然的。句中 precipitouly 取的是急迫、急促的意思。)

  1. According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the process by which the chemical constituents of life were synthesized under primitive Earth conditions?

  (A) The synthesis is unlikely to occur under current atmospheric conditions

  (B) The synthesis is common in modern laboratories.

  (C)The synthesis occurs more readily in the atmosphere than in the ocean.

  (D)The synthesis easily produces the most complex organic molecules.

  (E)The synthesis is accelerated by the presence of oxygen-containing compounds.

  选 A

  A 今天的大气条件下不太可能发生这种化合。正确项。

  B 现代实验室中合成很常见。废话,你设定好实验条件就 common,否则就不 common,这种话说的没意义。

  C 看到大气和海洋的比较,就排除了。

  D 能够轻易制造相当复杂的有机分子。文中明确告诉我们,不能,科学家们还不知道怎么弄大的。

  E 大概只能迷惑越过文段直接蒙选项的同学了。

  2.It can be inferred from the passage that "some scientists" assume which of the following concerning "larger, more complex molecules"

  (A) The earliest atmosphere was forward primarily of these molecules.

  (B) Chemical processes involving these molecules proceeded much more slowly under primitive Earth conditions.

  (C) The presence of these molecules would necessarily precede the existence of simple organisms.

  (D) Experimental techniques will never be sufficiently sophisticated to produce in the laboratory simple organisms from these chemical constituents.

  (E) Explanations could easily be developed to explain how simple molecules combined to form these more complex ones.

  选C

  专业的,严谨的,收敛的做题态度是:我不知道小分子怎么化和成大分子,也不知道大分子怎么变成有机体,因为作者不知道。

  但最后一句告诉我们,有些科学家坐不住了,小分子化和大分子的事还没解决,他们就要上天,直接提出理论来解释大分子和有机体。

  这些科学家们说的对不对且不论,他们肯定挺扯的。我个人觉得他们就算说对了,也是蒙的。

  我们只能相对收敛地认定,先有小分子,再有大分子,最后出现了有机体。

  所以选 C 。

  以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:初始地球条件,更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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