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GRE阅读题目解析:普通感冒抗病毒疗法

2016-12-13 17:22:09来源：网络

　　P1

　　1

　　The common cold, produced most often by rhinoviruses, is intractable to antiviral defense.

　　对多由鼻病毒引起的普通感冒采取抗病毒疗法，效果都不太好。

　　2

　　A defense against rhinoviruses might nonetheless succeed by exploiting hidden similarities among the rhinovirus strains.

　　然而针对不同种类的鼻病毒的潜在相似特点进行防治是有可能成功的。

　　3

　　For example, most rhinovirus strains bind to the same kind of molecule (delta-receptors) on a cell‘s surface when they attack human cells.

　　比如说，多种鼻病毒攻击人类细胞时，都与细胞表面的同一种分子(delta受体)反应。

　　//

　　bind to 这个短语没什么特别，我只是想告诉大家虽然韦氏大学是我们的首选释义参考，但柯林斯(以及牛津或兰登书屋韦氏)的语料库非常丰富，往往能更好地帮我们理解某些细节。我个人常用的英语词典大概有5种，2种英汉，3种英英，对比着读，用灵格斯很方便，推荐给大家。

　　If one chemical or particle is bound to another, it becomes attached to it or reacts with it to form a single particle or substance. (TECHNICAL)

　　At present nobody understands why these three quarks which are in the proton are bound together.

　　These may bind to receptor molecules on the surfaces of cells.

　　These compounds bind with genetic material in the liver.

　　//

　　4

　　Colonno, taking advantage of these common receptors, devised a strategy for blocking the attachment of rhinoviruses to their appropriate receptors.

　　C 利用病毒共同的受体，设计了一种方案阻碍鼻病毒接触这些受体。

　　5

　　Rather than fruitlessly searching for an antibody that would bind to all rhinoviruses, Colonno realized that an antibody binding to the common receptors of a human cell would prevent rhinoviruses from initiating an infection.

　　C 认识到想要找到一种与所有鼻病毒反应的抗体是徒劳的，而寻找一种与共同的人类细胞受体反应的抗体，将阻止鼻病毒引起的感染。

　　6

　　Because human cells normally do not develop antibodies to components of their own cells, Colonno injected human cells into mice, which did produce an antibody to the common receptor.

　　因为人类细胞正常情况下不会产生针对自身细胞成分的抗体，C 把人类细胞注射进老鼠体内，以得到针对这种共同受体的抗体。

　　7

　　In isolated human cells, this antibody proved to be extraordinarily effective at thwarting the rhinovirus.

　　对于分离的人类细胞，这种抗体已经被证明能够非常有效地抑制鼻病毒。

　　8

　　Moreover, when the antibody was given to chimpanzees, it inhibited rhinoviral growth, and in humans it lessened both the severity and duration of cold symptoms. (173 words)

　　另外这种抗体在黑猩猩实验中减缓了鼻病毒的生长，在人体实验中它减轻并缩短了感冒症状。

　　1. It can be inferred from the passage that a cell lacking delta-receptors will be

　　(A) unable to prevent the rhinoviral nucleic acid from shedding its capsid

　　(B) defenseless against most strains of rhinovirus

　　(C) unable to release the viral progeny it develops after infection

　　(D) protected from new infections by antibodies to the rhinovirus

　　(E) resistant to infection by most strains of rhinovirus

　　选E

　　见句 5：

　　Rather than fruitlessly searching for an antibody that would bind to all rhinoviruses, Colonno realized that an antibody binding to the common receptors of a human cell would prevent rhinoviruses from initiating an infection.

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that the purpose of Colonno‘s experiments was to determine whether

　　(A) chimpanzees and humans can both be infected by rhinoviruses

　　(B) chimpanzees can produce antibodies to human cell-surface receptors

　　(C) a rhinovirus‘ nucleic acid might be locked in its protein coat

　　(D) binding antibodies to common receptors could produce a possible defense against rhinoviruses

　　(E) rhinoviruses are vulnerable to human antibodies

　　选D

　　Colonno做了几次实验，分别是老鼠、黑猩猩和人，结果都不错。

　　A 这句话没错，不过这不是 C 实验证明的结果。

　　B 这是老鼠的功劳。

　　C 未知信息，开启装傻模式。

　　D 正确项。

　　E 错在 human antibodies，句 6 明确告诉我们 “human cells normally do not develop antibodies to components of their own cells”，需要借助老鼠产生抗体，很难讲这是人类的抗体。

　　3. In the context in which it appears, "thwarting" most nearly means

　　○A accelerating

　　○B blocking

　　○C warming

　　○D abetting

　　○E neutralizing

　　选B

　　单词题。

　　thwart(WMC)

　　1

　　a : to run counter to so as to effectively oppose or baffle : CONTRAVENE

　　b : to oppose successfully : defeat the hopes or aspirations of

　　abet 教唆

　　以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:普通感冒抗病毒疗法，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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