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GRE双语阅读练习：美国太阳能发电起点低收益高

2018-03-30 14:58:58来源：网络

　　为了帮助大家高效备考GRE，新东方在线GRE频道为大家带来GRE双语阅读练习：美国太阳能发电起点低收益高，希望对大家GRE备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线GRE频道!

　　The future is bright for solar power, even as subsidies are withdrawn

　　尽管补贴不再，太阳能的未来一片光明

　　FORTY-FIVE minutes west of Las Vegas, dejected sinners may encounter a sight to lift their sunken hearts: a sea of 347,000 mirrors, reflecting the rays of the desert sun on to boilers mounted on three 460-foot towers. The Ivanpah solar-thermal plant, which opened in mid-February, is the largest of its kind in the world. Fully ramped up, it will deliver around 377megawatts (MW) of power to 140,000 homes in southern California. Its backers compare it to the nearby Hoover Dam; an astronaut claims to have spotted it from the international space station. It is a striking sight, even if the heat from its heliostats has roasted dozens of unfortunate birds alive.

　　距拉斯维加斯45分的地方，心情沮丧的罪人会看到一幅能照亮他们沉没的心的奇观—34.7万面镜子组成的海洋反射着沙漠太阳的光至三个高达460英尺的塔上的热水器。于二月中旬开始运行的伊凡帕太阳能热电厂是目前世界上最大的太阳能热电厂。开足马力，该电厂能为加利福尼亚南部14万居民提供377兆瓦的电力。其支持者将它比作附近美国最高的水坝胡弗水坝。甚至有宇航员说他能在国际空间站找到这个太阳能热电站。尽管电站的定日镜反射的热量硬是将数十只活生生的飞鸟烤熟了，这依然是一道令人叹为观止的风景。

　　Solar power in America is growing rapidly, albeit from a small base. Last year it represented 29% of new electricity capacity, behind only natural gas at 46%. Solar output has more than doubled during Barack Obama's time in office; GTM, a research firm, reckons it will grow another 26% in 2014. The Department of Energy wants solar to provide 27% of America's electricity by 2050, up from less than 1% today.

　　虽然太阳能在美国起点低，但发展迅捷。去年太阳能发电占新增电力的29%，仅落后于占46%的天然气发电量。既奥巴马上任以来，太阳能的产出翻了不止一番。全球决策大本营这个调查机构称太阳能发电在2014年将新增26%。美国能源署希望太阳能发电能够由目前提供的不足1%的电力发展到能够在2050年前提供美国27%的电力。

　　Though dazzling, Ivanpah and large plants like it will not generate much of this growth. The federal loan guarantees that allowed their creation have expired. More important are photovoltaic solar cells, a rival technology that converts sunlight directly to electricity. Their cost has fallen so quickly that in many places retail electricity customers are saving money by placing panels on top of their houses or businesses; 200,000 have done so in the past two years. And there is a lot of room to grow. “There's no market saturation in any state; not even close,” says Lyndon Rive of Solar City, a solar-installation firm. Even David Crane, the boss of NRG, co-owner of Ivanpah, says that photovoltaic installations are the future.

　　尽管目前风头正盛，伊凡帕以及像它一样的大公司却不能从这样的增长中获益太多。因为作为用于保障他们创造的联邦贷款到期了。更重要的是光电太阳能电池，它是一种关键的技术能直接将太阳光转化成电力。由于该产品的价格急速下跌，许多地方的零售电力的客户将太阳能板安装在他们的屋顶或厂房房顶来发电来节省开支。过去的两年已经有20万人这么做了，并且其增长的空间很大。来自太阳城一家太阳能设备安装公司的Lyndon Rive称“目前不管在哪个州，都没有市场达到饱和，甚至是接近饱和。”甚至作为伊凡帕共有者的NRG能源电力的 David Crane也声称未来是光伏发电装置的天下。

　　Last year sun-soaked California accounted for over half of America's new photovoltaic installations. That, say solar fans, shows that the sector can thrive even after it loses its subsidies. (The $2.2 billion California Solar Initiative, which gave cash to homes or firms that went solar, has largely expired.) Solar is also blossoming in unexpected places like Massachusetts and North Carolina.

　　去年，饱受太阳炙烤的加州，其新增的光伏发电装置安装的数量超过整个国家数量的一半。太阳能的支持者称这表明即便没有补贴，太阳能发电也会前途无量。(加州太阳能计划得到22亿美元的补助，用于补贴那些使用太阳能的家庭和公司，如今这一补助绝大部分已到期。)此外，在人们想不到的像马赛诸塞州和北卡罗来纳州这样的地方太阳能发电也如花般绽放。

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