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GRE阅读模拟练习题(242)

2017-05-20 09:35:00来源：网络

　　为了帮助大家练习GRE阅读题考点，新东方在线GRE频道为大家带来GRE阅读模拟练习题一文，希望对大家GRE备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线GRE频道!

　　Founder mutations are a class of disease-causing genetic mutations, each derived from its own ancestral “founder” in whom the mutation originated. While most disease-causing mutated are found in humans at a rate of one in a few thousand to one in a few million people, founder mutation can occur at much higher rates. This apparent anomaly is partially explained by the fact that most founder mutations are recessive: only a person with copies of the affected gene from both parents becomes ill. Most people with only one copy of the gene—“carriers”— survive and pass the gene to offspring. Furthermore, the single copy of a founder mutation often confers a survival advantage on carriers. For example, the hereditary hemochromatosis mutation protects carriers from iron-deficiency anemia because the mutated gene allows increased efficiency of iron absorption.

　　1. The passage indicates which of the following about founder mutations?

　　A：Carriers of founder mutation may receive certain benefits from the mutated gene.

　　B：People who inherit founder mutations from both parents can become ill as a result.

　　C：Founder mutations are less likely than other mutations to be passed to offspring.

　　答案：AB

　　2. The author of the passage mentions the “hereditary hemochromatosis mutation” primarily in order to illustrate

　　A：the circumstances under which a founder mutation fails to cause a disease.

　　B：how difficult it is to predict the effects of founder mutations on carriers.

　　C：the difference between harmful founder mutation and those that are beneficial.

　　D：how a single copy of a founder mutation can benefit a carrier.

　　E：a challenge to a particular theory about the transmission of founder mutations.

　　答案：D

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