GRE写作题库精讲:客观观察和主观观察

　　GRE写作题库精讲之客观观察和主观观察。本文整理关于GRE写作题目提纲精讲，为考生提供GRE作文范文写作思路和方法指导。希望对大家GRE写作提分有所帮助。以下是GRE写作题库精讲客观观察和主观观察题目思路解析。GRE写作题库逐题精讲及issue提纲大全

　　GRE写作题库之GRE作文题目：客观观察和主观观察

　　GRE写作精讲之提纲解析：

　　157"There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it 157"There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires."

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　　157 有一些观察是受主观影响的，有一些观察是客观的

　　1、日常生活根据个人的见解，对同一事件的观察是受到主观影响的

　　When beholding a car accident, for instance, different people have different views: someone will have his own idea about who is responsible for the accident, yet view of others would contradict his judgment; some will feel worried and sympathetic about the one injured in the accident, while some consider only the brands and prices of the cars destroyed. All these views are based on different observations which are guided by distinctive personal ideas of everyone.

　　2、艺术领域，艺术家对外界事物的观察是主观的

　　it is necessary and justifiable for the observer to employ their subjective expectations and desires unboundedly into the observation of the world and their works as well. Art serve to reveal the inner impulses and spirits of the artists and convey them through artistic works. On the contrary,objectivity is of no use in this realm. In Impression: Sunrise, the famous painting of great impressionist Claude Monet we can see no objective reflection of real world but subjective interpretation of the scene. Hence, we see that only by using subjective view to observe the mundane world and then interpret observations into works could the essential nature and aim of art as well as the imagination and inspirations of artists be achieved and preserved.

　　3、科学领域的观察是客观的

　　It is the spirit and essence of science require the observer in any fields of this realm to be objective for the subjective desires and expectations would mislead the observation and even destroy the wholeis always guided by the observer's expectations or desires."research. Assume that a scientist in a certain research observes according to his own desires and expectations, as a result, the data recorded by him would be inaccurate and unconvincing even distorted because it is likely that only the data accord with his ideas are collected while others are not.Moreover, the advanced technologies and sophisticated schedules which scientific observers use in the researches help them to perform the objective observation.

　　157.观察的客观性

　　一、observation encyclopedia，但different from interpretation

　　二、In terms of the exact definition above, observation can be objective, while sometimes it may be slightly subjective.

　　1. according to process, 观察者先看到phenomena, 然后adds previous knowledge, 最后put out

　　2. observation involves three linchpins, the phenomenon, previous knowledge, and application of the knowledge

　　3.前两者都是客观的，后一个可能主观。这样whether 观察客观depends, the application of knowledge is objective, or, to put it bluntly, whether or not the application is rigid and fixed.

　　三、从各个领域讨论

　　1 . physical sciences, where observation is aroused by accurate instruments like telescopes,spectrometers, cameras, and where the way of applying formula referring to particular circumstances is fixed

　　2.历史，客观的historical materials, stubborn facts, 有时候结论不同也只是因为background， specialized training

　　3.但在一些领域，知识的运用是flexible 的，in laws, judges, jurors, or lawyers different perspectives, using multifarious aspects of laws to bolster their conclusions, add subjectivity to observation，因为alternative application of their knowledge.

　　四 、 speaker 把观察和Interpretation 搞混了the speaker actually confuses observation with interpretation that is bound to be subjective.

　　1.后者是加入主观desire

　　2.interpreting the aesthetic value of a painting, or analyzing salient figures of a novel 都会加入inherent feeling，使主观，“A thousand readers, a thousand Hamlets”.

　　3.再比如，政治，side with a political leader on behalf of our interests--forming an interpretation, it is possible we afford the leader greater merits, ignoring flaws in his policies, and thus we deviate from observation.

　　157T "There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires." 157. 没有哪件事情是客观观察的结果。所有的观察都是主观的;它们在很大程度上决定于观察者的期望和偏好。

　　① 确实是主观的，日常生活中。Position, benefits, experience 不同，大家对同一事物的理解也不同。但只是interpreting, 不是observing. Everyday experience informs us that different people have different opinion when they observe the same object. However, these sorts of subjective "observations” are actually subjective "interpretations" of what we observe.

　　② 在 observing 方面，是客观的。As the speaker's assertion, there is no such thing as truth and we cannot truly know anything. It runs against the grain of all scientific discovery and knowledge gained in the human history.如科学的建立，empirical method

　　③ 应该将主观和客观结合。先更好的观察，再解释。

　　D. According to the psychological discipline, given the same spatial perspective and sensory acuity and awareness, just as the video camera does, our observations would all be essentially in accord—that is, observation can be objective.

　　------------------------------

　　157 有一些观察是受主观影响的，有一些观察是客观的

　　1、日常生活根据个人的见解，对同一事件的观察是受到主观影响的

　　When beholding a car accident, for instance, different people have different views: someone will have his own idea about who is responsible for the accident, yet view of others would contradict his judgment; some will feel worried and sympathetic about the one injured in the accident, while some consider only the brands and prices of the cars destroyed. All these views are based on different observations which are guided by distinctive personal ideas of everyone.

　　2、艺术领域，艺术家对外界事物的观察是主观的

　　it is necessary and justifiable for the observer to employ their subjective expectations and desires unboundedly into the observation of the world and their works as well. Art serve to reveal the inner impulses and spirits of the artists and convey them through artistic works. On the contrary,objectivity is of no use in this realm. In Impression: Sunrise, the famous painting of great impressionist Claude Monet we can see no objective reflection of real world but subjective interpretation of the scene. Hence, we see that only by using subjective view to observe the mundane world and then interpret observations into works could the essential nature and aim of art as well as the imagination and inspirations of artists be achieved and preserved.

　　3、科学领域的观察是客观的

　　It is the spirit and essence of science require the observer in any fields of this realm to be objective for the subjective desires and expectations would mislead the observation and even destroy the whole research. Assume that a scientist in a certain research observes according to his own desires and expectations, as a result, the data recorded by him would be inaccurate and unconvincing even distorted because it is likely that only the data accord with his ideas are collected while others are not.Moreover, the advanced technologies and sophisticated schedules which scientific observers use in the researches help them to perform the objective observation.

　　157.观察的客观性

　　一、observation encyclopedia，但different from interpretation

　　二、In terms of the exact definition above, observation can be objective, while sometimes it may be slightly subjective.

　　1. according to process, 观察者先看到phenomena, 然后adds previous knowledge, 最后put out

　　2. observation involves three linchpins, the phenomenon, previous knowledge, and application of the knowledge

　　3.前两者都是客观的，后一个可能主观。这样whether 观察客观depends, the application of knowledge is objective, or, to put it bluntly, whether or not the application is rigid and fixed.

　　三、从各个领域讨论

　　1 . physical sciences, where observation is aroused by accurate instruments like telescopes,spectrometers, cameras, and where the way of applying formula referring to particular circumstances is fixed

　　2.历史，客观的historical materials, stubborn facts, 有时候结论不同也只是因为background， specialized training

　　3.但在一些领域，知识的运用是flexible 的，in laws, judges, jurors, or lawyers different perspectives, using multifarious aspects of laws to bolster their conclusions, add subjectivity to observation，因为alternative application of their knowledge.

　　四 、 speaker 把观察和Interpretation 搞混了the speaker actually confuses observation with interpretation that is bound to be subjective.

　　1.后者是加入主观desire

　　2.interpreting the aesthetic value of a painting, or analyzing salient figures of a novel 都会加入inherent feeling，使主观，“A thousand readers, a thousand Hamlets”.

　　3.再比如，政治，side with a political leader on behalf of our interests--forming an interpretation, it is possible we afford the leader greater merits, ignoring flaws in his policies, and thus we deviate from observation.

　　157T "There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always

　　guided by the observer's expectations or desires." 157. 没有哪件事情是客观观察的结果。所有的观察都是主观的;它们在很大程度上决定于观察者的期望和偏好。

　　① 确实是主观的，日常生活中。Position, benefits, experience 不同，大家对同一事物的理解也不同。但只是interpreting, 不是observing. Everyday experience informs us that different people have different opinion when they observe the same object. However, these sorts of subjective "observations” are actually subjective "interpretations" of what we observe.

　　② 在 observing 方面，是客观的。As the speaker's assertion, there is no such thing as truth and we cannot truly know anything. It runs against the grain of all scientific discovery and knowledge gained in the human history.如科学的建立，empirical method

　　③ 应该将主观和客观结合。先更好的观察，再解释。

　　D. According to the psychological discipline, given the same spatial perspective and sensory acuity and awareness, just as the video camera does, our observations would all be essentially in accord—that is, observation can be objective.

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