GRE阅读模拟在线练习附答案二百七十五

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　　In February 1848 the people of Paris rose in revoltagainst the constitutional monarchy of Louis-Philippe. Despite the existence of excellentnarrative accounts, the February Days, as thisrevolt is called, have been largely ignored by socialhistorians of the past two decades. For each of thethree other major insurrections in nineteenth- century Paris-July 1830, June 1843, and May 1871 there exists at least a sketch of participants' backgrounds and an analysis, more or lessrigorous, of the reasons for the occurrence of the uprisings. Only in the case of the FebruaryRevolution do we lack a useful description of participants that might characterize it in thelight of what social history has taught us about the process of revolu-tionary mobilization.

　　Two reasons for this relative neglect seem obvious. First, the insurrection of February hasbeen overshadowed by that of June. The February Revolution overthrew a regime, to be sure, but met with so little resistance that it failed to generate any real sense of historical drama. Its successor, on the other hand, appeared to pit key socioeconomic groups in a life-or-deathstruggle and was widely seen by contemporary observers as marking a historical departure. Through their interpretations, which exert a con-tinuing influence on our understanding of therevolutionary process, the impact of the events of June has been magnified, while, as anunintended consequence, the significance of the February insur-rection has been diminished. Second, like other "successful" insurrections, the events of February failed to generate themost desirable kinds of historical records. Although the June insurrection of 1848 and the ParisCommune of 1871 would be con-sidered watersheds of nineteenth- century French history byany standard, they also present the social historian with a signal advantage: these failedinsurrections created a mass of invaluable documentation as a by- produce of authoritiesefforts to search out and punish the rebels.

　　Quite different is the outcome of successful insurrections like those of July 1830 and February1848. Experi- ences are retold, but participants typically resume their daily routines withoutever recording their activities. Those who played salient roles may become the objects ofhighly embellished verbal accounts or in rare cases, of celebratory articles in contemporaryperiodicals. And it is true that the 　　publicly acknowledged leaders of an uprising frequentlywrite memoirs. However, such documents are likely to be highly unreliable, unrepresent-ative, and unsystematically preserved, especially when compared to the detailed judicial dossiersprepared for everyone arrested following a　failed insurrection. As a consequence, it mayprove difficult or impossible to establish for a successful revolution a comprehensive andtrustworthy picture of those who participated ,or to answer even the most basic questions onemight pose concerning the social origins of the insurgents.

　　According to the passage, “a useful description of participants” (lines 11-12) existsfor which of the following insurrections of nineteenth-century France?

　　I. The July Insurrection of 1830

　　II. The February Revolution of 1848

　　III. The June insurrection of 1848

　　IV. The May insurrection of 1871

　　A.I and III only

　　B.II and IV only

　　C.I, II, and III only

　　D.I, III, and IV only

　　E.II, III, and IV only

　　It can be inferred from the passage that support for the objectives of the FebruaryRevolution was

　　A.negligible

　　B.misguided

　　C.fanatical

　　D.spontaneous

　　E.widespread

　　Which of the following, best describes the organization of the second paragraph?

　　A.The thesis of the passage is stated and supporting evidence systematically presented

　　B.Two views regarding the thesis presented in the first paragraph are compared andcontrasted.

　　C.Evidence refuting the thesis presented in the first paragraph is systematically presented.

　　D.The thesis presented in the first paragraph is systematically supported.

　　E.The thesis presented in the first paragraph is further defined and a conclusion drawn.

　　It can be inferred from the passage that the author considers which of the followingessential for understanding a revolutionary mobilization?

　　A.A comprehensive theory of revolution that can be applied to the major insurrections of thenineteenth century

　　B.Awareness of the events necessary for a revolution to be successful

　　C.Access to narratives and memoirs written by eyewitnesses of a given revolution

　　D.The historical perspective provided by the passage of a considerable amount of time

　　E.Knowledge of the socioeconomic backgrounds of a revolution’s participants

　　Which of the following can be inferred about the “detailed judicial dossiers” referredto in line 49?

　　A.Information contained in the dossiers sheds light on the social origins of a revolution’sparticipants.

　　B.The dossiers closely resemble the narratives written by the revolution’s leaders in theirpersonal memoirs.

　　C.The information that such dossiers contain is untrustworthy and unrepresentative of arevolution’s participants.

　　D.Social historians prefer to avoid such dossiers whenever possible because they areexcessively detailed.

　　E.The February Revolution of 1848 produced more of these dossiers than did the Juneinsurrection.

　　Which of the following is the most logical objection to the claim made in lines 38-39?

　　A.The February Revolution of 1848 is much less significant than the July insurrection of 1830.

　　B.The backgrounds and motivations of participants in the July insurrection of 1830 have beenidentified, however cursorily.

　　C.Even less is known about the July insurrection of 1830 than about the February Revolution of1848.

　　D.Historical records made during the July insurrection of 1830 are less reliable than thosemade during the May insurrection of 1871.

　　E.The importance of the July insurrection of 1830 has been magnified at the expense of thesignificance of the February Revolution of 1848.

　　With which of the following statements regarding revolution would the author mostlikely agree?

　　A.Revolutionary mobilization requires a great deal of planning by people representingdisaffected groups.

　　B.The objectives of the February Revolution were more radical than those of the Juneinsurrection.

　　C.The process of revolutionary mobilization varies greatly from one revolution to the next.

　　D.Revolutions vary greatly in the usefulness of the historical records that they produce.

　　E.As knowledge of the February Revolution increases, chances are good that its importance willeventually eclipse that of the June insurrection.

　　正确答案:D E D E A B D

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