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GRE阅读题目解析:蜜蜂交配育种

2017-05-12 09:10:00来源：新东方在线整理

　　P1

　　1

　　One advantage of breeding African bees with other bee types (Africanization) may be resistance to the parasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni, a major threat to modern beekeeping.

　　让其他种类的蜜蜂与非洲蜜蜂交配育种(非洲化)也许有一个好处，就是抵御大蜂螨，后者是现代蜜蜂养殖的一种主要威胁。

　　2

　　In parts of Europe, this mite is devastating honeybees and killing many colonies despite preventive measures by beekeepers.

　　在欧洲部分地区，除非养蜂人采取防治措施，否则这种害虫会摧毁很多蜂群。

　　3

　　But in Brazil Varroa jacobsoni has been present in Africanized bees since 1972 without the loss of a single colony, even though beekeepers there undertook no preventive measures.

　　然而巴西自 1972 年发现非洲化蜜蜂中出现大蜂螨以来，从未损失一支蜂群，即便养蜂人没有采取防治措施。

　　4

　　The mites lay eggs within the brood cells of immature bees, and developing mites feed on the hemolymph (blood) of bee pupae.

　　大蜂螨在幼蜂的血细胞中产卵，其幼虫以蜂蛹的血淋巴为食。

　　(pupa 蛹)

　　5

　　But fewer mites reproduce in Africanized bees than in European bees.

　　但非洲化蜂群中产生的幼螨，比欧洲蜂群少。

　　6

　　Some researchers point out that this resistance may be related to the Africanized worker bee's shorter development period, which prevents some mites from reaching maturity.

　　某些研究者指出，这种阻碍或许与一现象有关，即非洲蜂群中的工蜂的发育期较短，从而防止了一部分幼螨发育成熟。

　　7

　　Recently the mite has become a serious problem in colonies of European bees in North America. Africanization of these bees may be the best safeguard against this parasite.

　　最近，大蜂螨严重困扰北美地区的欧洲蜂群。这些蜂群的非洲化也许是最好的预防办法。

　　For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

　　1. The author cites all of the following as evidence that Africanized bees' resistance to Varroa jacobsoni is superior to that of European bees:

　　□A Varroa jacobsoni is killing many bee colonies in Europe.

　　□B Beekeepers in Brazil have not used preventive measures to protect their colonies.

　　□C At least some European bee colonies have been saved by preventive measures.

　　选 AB

　　作者引用了选项中的哪些证据证明非洲化的蜜蜂比欧洲蜜蜂具有更强的，对大蜂螨的抵抗力

　　A 大蜂螨肆虐欧洲蜂群

　　B 巴西养蜂人没有使用防治措施保护他们的蜂

　　C 至少某些欧洲蜜蜂免于损失

　　现在，我要证明 —— 非洲化的蜂比欧洲蜂更具抵抗力，能够支持我的观点的证据是：

　　1)欧洲蜂普遍不行，

　　2)非洲化的蜂行，

　　至于

　　3)欧洲蜂里也还有些行的，

　　这与我要论证的目标没关系，所以不选 C 。

　　2. According to the passage, research suggests that one possible reason the Africanized bees in Brazil have successfully resisted Varroa jacobsoni is that

　　(A) the life cycle of the Africanized bee may limit the Varroa jacobsoni mite's opportunity to reach full development

　　(B) the Africanized bees may have had an opportunity to develop a chemical resistance to Varroa jacobsoni

　　(C) the location of bee colonies in Brazil may provide a natural deterrent to Varroa jacobsoni

　　(D) Varroa jacobsoni may be relatively new to Brazil and may not have had time to become widespread

　　(E) beekeepers may have developed effective control techniques for Varroa jacobsoni

　　选 A

　　非洲化的蜂的生命周期(短，成熟更早)可能限制了大蜂螨发育成熟的机会，可回溯至句 6 。

　　3. The author's argument regarding the resistance of Africanized bees to Varroa jacobsoni would be most weakened if which of the following were true?

　　○A The bees in Brazil were resistant before being Africanized.

　　○B The number of bee colonies in North American increased dramatically whereas the number in Brazil remained unchanged.

　　○C Mites found in European bees reproduce at a faster rate than mites of identical species found in the bees in Brazil.

　　○D Africanized bees retain many of the characteristics of European bees.

　　○E Bee colonies in Europe continue to produce greater quantities of honey than do those in Brazil.

　　选 A

　　“ 非洲化的蜂对大蜂螨有抵抗力 ” 的观点可能被哪个选项最大程度地削弱?

　　A 巴西蜜蜂早在非洲化以前就有这种抵抗力，正确项，这意味着抵抗力可能跟非洲化完全无关，彻底削弱。

　　B 北美蜂群数量剧增同时巴西蜂群数量不变，不见得能削弱题设观点，外部因素也完全可能导致这样的结果，比如养蜂人更多地分群培养，虽然有害虫损失了一部分，但总量还是增加了。

　　C 欧洲蜂群中的害虫发育比巴西蜂群中的害虫快，这个比较无意义，即使发育变快，但只要仍然比非洲化蜂群中的工蜂发育慢 —— 结果就不会改变 —— 一样会被清理掉。

　　D 非洲化的蜂，仍然保持了很多欧洲蜂的特点，一看就是瞎聊项。

　　E 亦是瞎聊，扯到蜂蜜质量了都。

　　以上就是新东方在线GER频道为你带来的GRE阅读题目解析:蜜蜂交配育种，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线GRE频道。

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